Heeseung Choi, Yeseul Jeon, Ujin Lee, Junggeun Ahn, Hannah Kim, Technology-based interactive communication simulation for Korean nurses: A randomized controlled repeated-measures design, Nurse Education Today, Volume 128, 2023, 105879, ISSN 0260-6917, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2023.105879.

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Abstract

Background
Effective and standardized technology-based communication simulations addressing diverse clinical situations for novice nurses are limited.

Objectives
This study evaluated the efficacy of the Technology-based Interactive Communication Simulation for Nurses on communication competency (knowledge, self-efficacy, skills, and clarity), compassion, and assertiveness among novice nurses.

Design
We used a randomized controlled repeated-measures design. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention (Technology-based Interactive Communication Simulation for Nurses) or attention control group and completed the assigned program, the questionnaire thrice (i.e., before, immediately after, and four weeks after the program), and the e-simulation twice (i.e., immediately after and four weeks after the program).

Settings and participants
Korean nurses with six months to two years of experience recruited from five secondary and tertiary hospitals participated in the study at a private, quiet place of their choice.

Methods
The intervention comprises two simulation cases across different formats: (1) an interactive communication simulation for various clinical situations followed by a tailored debriefing; and (2) a video showing a conflict between a nurse and caregiver and between nurses, followed by a self-reflection activity. Communication skills and clarity were also evaluated by raters. Data analyses included descriptive analyses, t-tests, chi-square tests, and a generalized estimating equation model.

Results
In total, 142 nurses (73 in the intervention and 69 in the attention control groups) participated in the programs, and 128 participated through the four-week follow-up. Technology-based Interactive Communication Simulation for Nurses significantly improved communication knowledge and self-efficacy and compassion among novice nurses compared to the attention control program, and its effects were maintained for four weeks. The group difference in communication skills and clarity evaluated by the raters was also significant.

Conclusion
Technology-based Interactive Communication Simulation for Nurses is effective in enhancing the communication competence of novice nurses. Future studies should analyze assertiveness in Korean healthcare settings.

Keywords: Nurses; Nursing care; Simulation training; Educational technology; Communication; Self-efficacy; Empathy; Assertiveness